Metformin
Metformin is a well-known oral medication traditionally used to manage type 2 diabetes. In recent years, it has gained recognition in longevity and anti-aging medicine due to its impact on insulin sensitivity, mitochondrial health, inflammation, and cellular aging. As a caloric restriction mimetic, Metformin is now widely used off-label to support metabolic health, fat loss, and cellular resilience, with potential to reduce age-related diseases and improve health span.
How does it work?
Metformin targets multiple aging-related pathways through metabolic regulation and mitochondrial support:
AMPK Activation
Metformin activates AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), a key energy sensor that promotes fat oxidation, glucose uptake, and mitochondrial biogenesis—mimicking the effects of fasting.
Insulin Sensitivity & Glycemic Control
It lowers circulating insulin and glucose levels, helping reduce systemic inflammation and oxidative stress, two hallmarks of aging and metabolic decline.
mTOR Pathway Modulation
By inhibiting the mTOR pathway, Metformin slows down cellular overgrowth and supports autophagy—a crucial anti-aging process for cellular cleanup and repair.
Benefits
✓ Enhances insulin sensitivity and stabilizes blood sugar
✓ May reduce visceral fat and improve body composition
✓ Supports mitochondrial function and metabolic flexibility
✓ May reduce the risk of age-related diseases (heart disease, cancer, cognitive decline)
✓ Activates cellular repair pathways (AMPK, autophagy)
✓ Backed by decades of safety data
Take the health questionnaire
Get your prescription
Get your meds
Frequently Asked Questions
What can I expect with Metformin treatment?
• Start with 500mg once daily, gradually titrate up to 1000–2000mg daily if tolerated
• Week 1–2: Improved blood sugar and appetite control
• Week 4+: Enhanced energy, fat loss, cognitive clarity
• Full anti-aging and metabolic benefits seen with consistent, long-term use
• Best when combined with fasting, low-glycemic nutrition, and exercise
• Missed dose? Skip and resume at the next scheduled time—do not double up
What are the possible side effects of Metformin?
Common (Typically transient):
• Nausea
• Diarrhea
• Gas or bloating
• Metallic taste
Less Common / Monitor If Present:
• Vitamin B12 deficiency (check annually)
• Lactic acidosis (rare; risk higher in kidney/liver impairment or alcohol abuse)
• Decreased appetite or mild fatigue
Precautions:
- Not recommended in patients with eGFR <30 mL/min
- Caution with alcohol or severe calorie restriction
- Monitor B12 annually with long-term use
- Take with food to reduce GI side effects